The Westminster Abbey wasn't really built in one period. One common architectural style is Early English Gothic from the 1180 - 1280 period, but there are parts from as far back as the 11th century. The Easternmost part of the abbey, Henry VII's Chapel, was added in 1519.
Almost all monarchs from 1272 to 1760 have been buried in Westminster Abbey, and with the exception of Edward V and Edward VIII all kings and queens have been crowned in Westminster Abbey.
The Westminster Abbey is not a cathedral - it is a "Royal Peculiar", and is handled directly by the Crown itself.
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